Tolerance and Truth in America

Tolerance and Truth in America The heritage of the United States of America is founded predominantly upon a belief in God. This is evident in the ancient laws which clearly integrated a lot of religious beliefs especially in matters concerning morality. The country’s currency, the dollar, bears the religious inscription â€Å"In God we trust†.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tolerance and Truth in America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the founding of the United States of America, the Catholic faith seemed to be the predominant religion in the country. This Christian faith was not necessarily imposed on anyone but was recognized as the true religion hence used as a basis for most of American moral law. Over the centuries numerous faith denominations have emerged, each convinced that theirs is the true religion. The ongoing truth and tolerance debate in America arose as a result of the emerging religions and faiths that all b elieved and claimed to have the truth. Edward Kennedy, a believer in the Christian faith, strongly advocated for tolerance especially amongst Christians. He began his popular speech on truth and tolerance by confessing his faith in God and his belief in Jesus Christ. He went on to admit that he did not presume that his religion and faith were not necessarily perfect. He acknowledged that irrespective of how much he believed in truth, no religion could claim a monopoly of it. He acknowledged that pluralism does not mean that all the religions are right, but it does mean that there are areas in which government should not decide what is wrong or right for the people to think or believe. In cases of sensitive issues such as abortion, Kennedy considered it transgression for any religion to require the government to legislate on what the citizens ought to do with such personal parts of their lives. This, to him, was an act of intolerance for other religions and beliefs. He however had no thing against spreading one’s faith except that it is to be done through an appeal to individuals’ consciences and not through coercion of the power of State. Therefore, tolerance does not require that religions and faith do not express their views but that no religion should impose its will on the State or on any governing body. In this way, the church and the State will be kept peacefully separate. The reasons for drawing this line included respect for the integrity of religion and the independent judgment of conscience. According to Edward Kennedy, an example of intolerance had been the election period in 1976. Some people hinted that Jimmy Carter ought not to be elected president of the United States of America because he was a born again Christian. This, to him, was unacceptable because it is wrong to judge a person’s fitness to govern based on their religion or whom they worshiped.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help y ou! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This was a persuasive argument and made a lot of sense because every person had their own beliefs and values. Tolerance, therefore, would have the people not basing their judgment and credibility upon their religious beliefs. In conclusion, it is essential to respect the motives of those who readily and openly disagree with the State and question the public’s integrity. Sometimes questioning each other’s integrity is a sign of looking out for each other and however much we are not obligated to agree with skeptics it is important to genuinely listen to them and consider their whatever point they are trying to put across. Scholars have argued that tolerance implies contentment with not knowing the truth. When truth is made relative then its meaning is lost. It is important to respect and tolerate people with differing points of view and beliefs. This, however, should not deter citizens from earnestly seekin g the truth even when it means being shaken out of their comfort zones which, in this case, may be the different religions.

Case Study on the Murder of Bridgett Frisbie

Case Study on the Murder of Bridgett Frisbie Bridgett Frisbie was 17 years old and  in her junior year at Raines High School in Katy, Texas, when she was lured into a wooded area in northwest Harris County and murdered by a close friend and schoolmate. According to authorities, near midnight on April 3, 2011, Bridgett Frisbie snuck out of her house to meet up with friends and was walking down the street when she was spotted by Alan Perez and Alex Olivieri who were out looking for her in Olivieris Chevrolet Suburban. The two men had preplanned to rough her (Frisbie) up that night and had prepared accordingly. Both the men were armed with pistols and Perez was dressed in all black and had a black face mask. When the men spotted Frisbie, Perez hid in the back seat of the car under a pile of blankets, as per their plan. A Threat to His Future Frisbie and Olivieri were good friends, so she had no reason not to accept a ride from him that night. Prosecutors believe that she did not realize the degree of anger Olivieri felt towards her because of a previous incident she had witnessed and was talking about with friends at school. Some weeks before, as a favor to Frisbie, Olivieri allegedly did a drive-by shooting at her ex-boyfriend’s house with his Yugo semiautomatic rifle. According to Perez, Olivieri told him that Frisbie was driving while he sprayed her ex-boyfriends home with bullets. He said Olivieri was worried that, if he was arrested for the shooting, it would hurt his future plans of having a career in the Army. The Murder With Frisbie in the Suburban and Perez hiding undetected in the back seat, Olivieri drove to a wooded area under the false pretense of needing to get something he had buried. Carrying a shovel, he and Frisbie walked into the woods. Perez followed the two from a distance and watched as Olivieri placed his hand on Frisbies back, then he pulled out his gun and  shot her in the back of the neck, killing her instantly. At around 3 a.m. Perez and Olivieri drove to downtown Houston to pick up Frisbies boyfriend, Zacharia Richards, from the Greyhound bus station. According to Perez, meeting Richards in Houston was going to part of the pairs alibi if questioned. On April 3, 2011, the body of Bridgette Frisbee was discovered in the wooded area by a group of children who were out riding dirt bikes. A search of the area turned up one 9 mm shell casing in the vicinity of Frisbies body. When the news of the murder was released, Olivieri text-messaged Perez and pretended to be informing him that their friend had been found dead. Confession for Immunity A few days after the discovery of Frisbies body, Perez, through an attorney, contacted police in regards to information that he had about the murder. Once he was  granted immunity  from prosecution, Perez confessed to what he knew about the murder, including fingering Olivieri as the triggerman. Perez later testified in court that the plan was to rough up Frisbie, but that he did not know of Olivieris plan to murder her and, after the shooting, the two exchanged heated words in the woods. Perez told the court, He came running at me, and I was in shock because he shot her. He described Olivieris attitude after murdering his long-time friend as unrepentant and that he showed no signs of remorse. Perez also admitted to following Olivieris instructions that night, to dress in dark clothing and a full face mask, to bring a firearm, and to hide under a stack of blankets in the back of the Chevrolet Suburban. Alexander Olivieri was found guilty of first-degree murder and was sentenced to 60 years in prison. It took the jury just under four hours to decide on Olivieris sentence. Bridgette Frisbie Bridgetts father Bob Frisbie, who adopted her when she was a toddler, described his daughter as being sometimes rebellious, but that she had  been through a lot in her short life, including the loss of her adoptive mother due to illness. He said that what he saw when he looked at his daughter was a fun-spirited 17-year-old who loved poetry and drawing and was a loving daughter. Olivieris Appeal Olivieris sentence was appealed due to three issues, outlined below from court papers filed by his defense attorneys: Issue One:  The trial court committed reversible error in denying defense counsels request to instruct the jury that Alan Perez was an accomplice witness as a matter of law. According to his attorney, by Perezs own testimony, he had entered into a conspiracy to commit a felony, which resulted in the complainants death. If Perezs testimony is taken as true, then there is no question he engaged in criminal conduct for which he could have been charged had he not been granted immunity. Perez was, therefore, an accomplice as a matter of law. Issue Two:  Insufficient evidence was presented to corroborate the testimony of Alan Perez, an accomplice witness. Olivieris attorney argued that corroboration of an accomplice witnesss testimony requires evidence that tends to link the accused with the crime committed. None of the evidence presented at trial tends to link Olivieri to the murder of the complainant for purposes of corroborating Perezs testimony. Issue Three:  The consent to search provided to law enforcement by Samuel Olivieri was not given voluntarily and was therefore invalid. According to the appeal,  police did not have a warrant  to search the Suburban driven by Olivieri, despite prior knowledge gleaned from Perez that it may contain evidence. As a way around the warrant requirement, police sought and received the consent of Olivieri s father to search the vehicle. The consent by Olivieris father was involuntary, as he was not aware that he had a right to refuse to give consent, had been subjected to a coercive show of authority by law enforcement, and was operating with less than full mental faculties after being awoken at 2 a.m. by police. The Court of Appeals for the First District of Texas overruled the three arguments and voted to uphold the trial court’s judgment. Alex Olivieri is currently housed at the Connally (CY) Correctional Institution in  Kenedy, Texas. His projected release date is November 2071. He will be 79 years old.

Comparison with Genesis 2-3; distinctive elements in Islam Essay

Comparison with Genesis 2-3; distinctive elements in Islam - Essay Example The Quran talks about how evil Satan’s intention was as the verses are explicit, â€Å"But Satan whispered evil to him. He said: â€Å"0 Adam! Shall I lead thee to the Tree of Eternity and to a kingdom that never decays?† It is clear to understand that Satan was always deceitful in his practices straying humanity from the good. As soon as Adam and Eve ate from the forbidden tree, they were expelled from the heavens. This in fact was how humanity was initiated as Adam and Eve were naked. The Genesis again discusses this as it states, â€Å"Now the serpent  was more crafty than any of the wild animals the  Lord  God had made. He said to the woman, â€Å"Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree in the garden’?† Whoever falls into the trap of Satan will always regret it because Satan is always keen in his motives to trick humanity into bad deeds. The Genesis just like the Quran foreshadows this as Genesis 2 states, the woman said, â₠¬Å"The serpent deceived me,  and I ate.† Notice how the Genesis refers to Eve as the woman, whereas the Quran refers to her as the Eve. Both the Genesis and the Quran draw similar parallel to what happened to Adam and

Explanations of Underdevelopment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Explanations of Underdevelopment - Essay Example Multinational corporations or MNC can broadly be defined as the business corporations that operate across the world and have operation units in different countries. They are not only equipped with huge financial resources but they also have significant abilities to transfer knowledge across the international market. Underdeveloped nations, on the other hand are not financially or otherwise equipped to exploit their own resources. Thus, they become highly attractive business propositions for multinational companies as they can exploit the vast market potential of the region. But that is not the whole truth. MNCs bring their knowledge and use their financial expertise to not only exploit host country’s resources but they also contribute extensively to their socio-economic development. Theory of dependency primarily relies on financial aids to the underdeveloped nations from developed countries or international aid agencies that are frequently misused or used in areas other than infrastructural development. These aids are often in the form of soft loans but they still increase the debt liability of the already poor countries. The money is frequently misused or not used on areas infrastructure development, education, health etc which could benefit the society on long term. The inability of the government to appropriately utilize financial resources results in vicious debt trap. Isbister emphatically claims that they are ‘waylaid by the debt crisis’ (2003: 180). ... The money is frequently misused or not used on areas infrastructure development, education, health etc which could benefit the society on long term. The inability of the government to appropriately utilize financial resources results in vicious debt trap. Isbister emphatically claims that they are ‘waylaid by the debt crisis’ (2003: 180). Third world countries like Ghana, Botswana etc are prime examples where vast disparity of income is highly visible. Despite massive international aid, the common man is still reeling under abject poverty. Another important fact is that financial aids are often subject to conditions which are either not practical for poor nations or they fail to instill necessary discipline amongst the policy makers for its effective utilization so that it can filter down to the common man. At the same time, it also provides huge power to the donor which is often exploited by them for their own benefits vis-a-vis low wages to local persons, exploitation of natural resources at low cost etc. MNCs in such scenario may justifiably become the scapegoat for vested interests. Another important aspect of dependency theory is that third world countries get used to the foreign aid because most of them are characterized by unstable socio-political environment. This helps the vested interests in the higher hierarchy of politics and bureaucracy to divert fund for their own interests. Thus, socio-economic growth of the underdeveloped nations remains a dream. Modernization theory, on the other hand, focuses on capitalist principles of market and exhorts underdeveloped economies for more liberal market based policies to facilitate foreign investment. It also makes underdeveloped countries more attractive for MNCs who can

Josef Mengele †the Angel of Death Essay Example for Free

Josef Mengele – the Angel of Death Essay After the war many Nazi doctors were tried at Nuremberg, for war crimes and crimes against humanity. Yet the man who became the most infamous Nazi doctor — although Hitler himself may never heard of him — fled to South America and escaped prosecution. He was never caught and convicted, though he lived for decades thereafter. Mengele, called Uncle by the countless children he subjected to gruesome experiments and unthinkable torture, and known as the Angel of Death in the concentration camps, was responsible for the torture and deaths of 400,000 people, and the torment of thousands more. The most important thing to note about Mengele is that he was not an isolated example of an evil maniac gone berserk. He was simply part of a system and a much wider network of Nazi doctors. His work may have been different from those of the other doctors only in quantitative terms not qualitative terms. Today, the Auschwitz experiments of Josef Mengele remain the most egregious example of the collaboration of unscrupulous researchers with equally unscrupulous senior scientists and prestigious scientific institutions – which is a phenomenon that could be happening on a wide scale in our own times, especially in matters of drug trials of giant pharmaceutical corporations. In 1947, the world learned of what is now the most infamous scandal in medical research: medical experiments conducted by Nazi doctors. Nazi doctors performed a variety of extremely disturbing experiments on prisoners in concentration camps. Some experiments were designed to further the war effort. For example, to study gunshot wounds, Nazi doctors shot inmates and examined their wounds. To study diseases such as typhus, Nazi doctors intentionally infected inmates with disease. To study human capacity to withstand exposure to cold, Nazi doctors stripped inmates and exposed them to icy water or blizzards. However, the majority of experiments had less to do with winning the war and more to do with promoting or substantiating Nazi ideology. Doctors were interested in sterilizing undesirables, curing homosexuality, and establishing anthropological differences between races. To find an effective means of mass sterilization, Nazi doctors injected hundreds of women with a caustic substance in the hope of obstructing their fallopian tubes, and inflicted severe burns and infections on both male and female prisoners by exposing them to high doses of radiation. To cure homosexuality, Nazi doctors injected hormones into inmates suspected of being homosexual. To catalog physical differences in race, Nazi doctors killed a number of prisoners, stripped the flesh off their bones, and saved their skeletons for an anthropological museum. Dr. Mengele is among the best known SS physicians at Auschwitz, and was responsible along with other SS doctors for selections and medical experiments that used prisoners as guinea pigs. Mengele could never have thought of himself as a monstrous psychopath, though, but only as a biomedical scientist participating in a broad program of racial research. During the Holocaust Mengele and many other Nazi physicians used thousands of camp inmates, especially those with disabilities and deformities as subjects for their biomedical racial research. Born in the Swabian section of Bavaria in 1911 into an upper middle-class family, Mengele eventually earned two doctorates. The first doctorate was in physical anthropology at Munich under Theodor Mollison in 1935 and the second was in medicine at Frankfurt under Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer in 1938. He received his license to practice medicine in late 1937 but apparently did not pursue certification in a specialty. Instead, he opted for research. As a student of anthropology, he had studied under the leading exponents of the life unworthy of living† theory and it greatly influenced his thinking and behavior. The notion that some lives were not worth living was rapidly becoming academically acceptable. His two dissertation supervisors were eugenicists, and his dissertations in anthropology at Munich and in medicine at Frankfurt both dealt with research in racial hygiene. After finishing his second doctorate, Mengele continued his research in Verschuers Frankfurt Institute for Hereditary Biology and Race Hygiene. As principal investigator, Verschuer supervised the research of numerous assistants under a variety of DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft German Research Foundation) research grants. Verschuer’s 1938 report to the DFG on this sponsored research, focusing on the genetic study of twins and families, lists the work and publications of his assistant Mengele. Although Mengele did not join the Nazi party until 1938, he belonged to the brown-shirt storm troopers, the SA, during 1933-34 and in 1938 joined the SS. As an SS member, he was drafted during the war into the Waffen SS instead of the Wehrmacht, advancing by 1943 to the rank of captain (Hauptstrumfuhrer). He served as an SS physician to the Eastern front until he was wounded and therefore posted to the concentration camp death head units in the rear. He functioned during 1943-1944 as one of the SS physicians at the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp. In his new post, Mengele performed the usual duties of a concentration camp SS physician as well as the special Auschwitz assignment of directing selections for the gas chamber. In addition, Auschwitz opened up unlimited opportunities for the ambitious researcher. Research subjects were available in large numbers, and the restraints of medical ethics did not apply. Further, Mengele could compel highly skilled inmate physicians to design and conduct research, perform tests and autopsies, and produce research papers, without the need to share credit with them. It is therefore not surprising that Mengele used Auschwitz as a research laboratory. Otmar von Verschuer, Mengeles mentor who was himself a protege of Eugen Fischer, had left Frankfurt for Berlin in 1942 to succeed Fischer as director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology. Mengele had worked at the institute during SS assignments to Berlin and thus continued to contribute to Verschuers research projects (Cefrey 62). When Mengele went to Auschwitz, Vershuer realized the potential of this posting, and as principal investigator, he carried Mengeles Auschwitz experiments on his DFG grants. Therefore, Mengele’s experiments — that often necessitated the killing of children, thousands of them (especially twins) — were part of the official program and in pursuing his shockingly macabre â€Å"research† he was only following the broad lines of Nazi research agenda. Driven by the desire to advance his medical career by scientific publications, Dr Mengele began to conduct all kinds of utterly atrocious medical experiments on living Jews, children, twins, disabled people, and all those who fell into the Nazi category of ‘Untermenschen’ – all of whom he took from the barracks of the concentration camp at Auschwitz, or ‘selected’ right away on their arrival, and brought to his hospital block. Mengele used the pretext of medical treatment to kill thousands upon thousands of prisoners, personally administering the horrific torture procedures, for example as by injecting them with phenol, petrol, chloroform, or by ordering SS medical orderlies to do so. From the moment of his arrival at Auschwitz, Mengele joined the other SS officers and SS doctors, among them Dr Clauberg and Dr Kremer, in the selection of Jews reaching the Auschwitz railway junction from all over Europe. With a movement of the hand or the wave of a stick, he indicated as unfit for work, and thus destined for immediate death in the gas chambers, all children, old people, sick, crippled and weak Jews, and all pregnant women. Between May 1943 and November 1944 Mengele conducted, also along with Dr. Heinz Thilo, scores of such selections. Mengele was especially on the lookout for twins and other promising research subjects (Lifton 165). He also took an equally decisive part in several selections in the camp infirmary, pointing out for death by shooting, injection or gassing those Jews whose strength had been sapped by starvation, force labor, untreated illness or ill-treatment by the guards. On May 26, 1943, only two days after he arrived at Aushwitz, Mengele committed his first mass murder. There was a typhoid epidemic in the barracks of over a thousand Gypsies who had been brought to the camp two months earlier. For Dr Mengele, typhoid was not an illness to be cured, but one to be eliminated; that day, all the Gypsies were dragged out of their barracks and driven to the gas chambers. Against their names in the camp register were put the letters SB Sondebehandlung, Special Treatment. This was just a sign of much worse things to come. In perpetrating a host of such ghastly medical and scientific experiments, Mengele was of course being an independent member of a larger cohort of wanton butchers. These Nazi doctors most brazenly forsook their Hippocratic Oath and armed themselves with scalpels, forceps, and needles in inflicting immeasurable pain and torture on hundreds of thousands of innocent people, a significant portion of them being children. Mengele regularly mailed the results of his research on twins to the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute. There scientists analyzed the samples of blood obtained before death and the organs obtained after dissection. It was a systematic, organized and purposeful enterprise. Though few of these doctors collected scientifically valid data and many of the experiments were expressions of pure pathological sadism, the Nazi doctors justified their acts of torture and inhumanity as attempts to improve German medicine and advance science. Mengele himself, through his research on twins, dreamed of being able to genetically engineer a flawless race. The ultimate goal was to produce an ideal race of Aryan men and women endowed with only the finest genetic traits, who would rapidly multiply and rule the world. (Lagnado, Dekel 61) Of the approximately 350 doctors who are estimated to have committed medical crimes, only about 20 doctors and 3 assistants were brought to justice in Nuremberg (Spitz 50). Some others were tried, and sentenced to in American military trials at Dachau. Still many doctors escaped, including one who would become the most infamous of them all, Dr. Josef Mengele. Human experimentation neither arose with the Nazis, nor ended with them; however, the history of human experimentation in the West is usually divided into two eras: before the Nazis and after. Mengele is by no means such a grotesque aberration as he may appear to be at first. Nazi doctors perpetrated some of the most horrendous actions during the Third Reich, but the shadows of Auschwitz and Nuremberg are long. Though Mengele escaped scot-free, we at least know about his evil deeds; there may be many others of his ilk alive today and even working in collaboration with reputed organizations whose work we may never even come to know. Works Cited Cefrey, Holly. â€Å"Doctor Josef Mengele: The Angel of Death† New York : The Rosen Publishing Group, 2001 Lagnado, Lucette Matalon; Dekel, Sheila Cohn. â€Å"Children of the Flames: Dr. Josef Mengele and the Untold Story of the Twins of Auschwitz. † New York : Penguin Books, 1992 Lifton, Robert Jay. â€Å"The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide† New

Comparison and Contrast in The Great Gatsby Essay -- comparison compar

Comparison and Contrast in The Great Gatsby      Ã‚  Ã‚   The success of Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby is in part due to his successful characterization of the main characters through the comparison and contrast of Daisy Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson, Tom Buchanan and George B. Wilson, and Nick Carraway and Jay Gatsby. The contrast is achieved through two principle means: contrasting opposite qualities held by the characters and contrasting one character's posititve or negative qualities to another's lack thereof. Conflict is generated when the characters sometimes stand as allegorical opposites. On the other hand, comparison of two characters is rather straightforward. This comparison and contrast is prevalent in Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby. To begin with, Daisy and Myrtle have similarities and differences. The similarities revolve around the characters' marriages. First, both have an affair sometime in the novel. Myrtle's sister, Catherine, whispers to Nick: "Neither of them can stand the person they're married to" (33). Partially as a result of this intolerance, both begin affairs. Daisy says that she loves both her husband, Tom, and illegitimate boyfriend, Gatsby: "I love you [Gatsby] now -- isn't that enough? ... I did love him [Tom] once, but I loved you too" (133). Daisy says that she loves both Tom and Gatsby. Here, Daisy's character must be taken into account. Daisy might just as well love Gatsby's shirts, house, or other status symbols as she loves Gatsby as a person. Similarly, she might also only love Tom's status symbols. Myrtle certainly only loves Tom's status symbols. She tells Nick, "He had on a dress suit and patten leather shoes, and I couldn't keep my eyes off him..." (36). This is the point ... ...ization.    Works Cited Bewley, Marius. "Scott Fizgerald's Criticism of America." Mizener 125-41. Eagleton, Terry. The Function of Criticism. London: Verso, 1984. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. Collier Edition. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1925. "Fitzgerald, F. Scott." Microsoft Encarta 97 Encyclopedia. Redmond, WA: Microsoft, 1996. CD-ROM. 1997. Posnock, Ross. "'A New World, Material Without Being Real': Fitzgerald's Critique of Capitalism in The Great Gatsby." Critical Essays on Scott Fitzgerald's "Great Gatsby." Ed. Scott Donaldson. Boston: Hall, 1984. 201-13. Spindler, Michael. American Literature and Social Change. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1983. Trilling, Lionel. "F. Scott Fitzgerald." Critical Essays on Scott Fitzgerald's "Great Gatsby." Ed. Scott Donaldson. Boston: Hall, 1984. 13-20.         

Broadcasting Study Guide

BCA 210 Study Guide – Exam 2 Terms: Audion tube: Created by Lee de Forest, this improved the clarity of radio signal reception in 1907. This detected radio waves and pin points sounds. Lee de Forest perfected this glass bulb. Payola: 1960s, the practice of accepting payment to play specific recordings on the air. Disc jockeys were charged for bribery for accepting money to play music, the most famous, Alan Freed who worked in Cleveland who was credited with coining the term for rock ‘n' roll. Cross ownership: The practice of one company owning radio and TV stations in the same broadcast market.This was a result of the telecommunication Act. Narrowcasting: Identifying a specific audience segment and programming for it. General manager (in radio): Runs the radio station. Program manager (in radio): They oversee what goes on the air, including the news programs, the station's format and any on-air people. Kinetoscope: 1888, Thomas Edison's idea, William K. L. Dickinson crea ted. Perforated film and sprockets to minimize jumps. Peepshow viewer. The first parlor was in April of 1894 in New York City. Talkies: Sound added to movies. The vitaphone preludes, 1926, seven shorts w/ sounds.Al Jolson, first feature-length motion picture with sound. It contained two sections with synchronized sound made by the Warner Bros. Digital Projectors: Satellite distribution: internet distribution: Ancillary rights: Marketing opportunities related to a movie, in addition to direct income from the movie itself. The â€Å"Big Five†: 1930s, Warner Bros. , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Paramount, RKO and Twentieth Century Fox all dominated the movie business. They were all vertically integrated; they produced movies, distributed them worldwide and owned theater chains, which guaranteed their pictures being shown.The â€Å"Hollywood Ten†: J. Parnell Thomas summoned 10 â€Å"unfriendly† witnesses from Hollywood to testify about their Communist connections. Consisted of 8 hollywood screenwriters and two directors. Their strategy was to appear before the committee as a group and to avoid answering the direct question. They tried to make statements that questioned the committee's authority to challenge their political beliefs. The witnesses were found in contempt, some were sentenced to jail and others were fined. By the end, they all lost their jobs.Cable television/CATV: Community antenna television or cable tv. Cathode Ray Tube: Created by Philo T. Farnsworth in California, he called it the dissector tube. It used an electronic scanner to reproduce the electronic image much more clearly than Nipkow's earlier mechanical scanning device. He patented his electronic scanner. Advertiser Produced TV: Programs: Quiz shows, variety shows, situation comedies, drama, westerns, detective stories, detective stories, movies, soap operas and talk shows. HDTV: The US switched to national high-definition tv transmission standard in 2009.It scans 1,125 lines a cross the screen. It requires more spectrum space than conventional tv signals. Digital tv makes it easier for manufacturers to combine the functions of TV and the functions of a computer in the same piece of equipment. A. C. Nielsen: The company dominated the tv ratings business. Ratings describe the audience to advertisers; based on the Nielsens, advertisers pay for the commercial time to reach the audiences they want. Rating: The percentage of the total number of households with TV sets tuned to a particular program.Give sponsors information about the audience they're reaching with their advertising, what advertisers are getting for their money. Share: The percentage of the audiences turn on that is watching a particular program. Demographics: Date about consumers' characteristics, such as age, occupation and income level. Network affiliates: Stations that use network programming but are owned by companies other than the networks, not networked owned. Syndication: Services that s ell programming to broadcast stations and cable. Independently produced programming. Oprah, Jeopardy, Wheel of Fortune.Analog: In mass communications, a type of technology used in broadcasting, whereby video or audio information is sent as continuous signals through the air on specific airwave frequencies. Digital transmission: Telenovelas: are spanish language shows. These give a new audience, unison draws more viewers than all english language networks. the Internet: delivers all types of media, print, broadcast, movies and recordings using a single delivery system without barriers. Combines millions of computer networks sending and receiving data from all over the world. There is no common owner.Browser: Created by Tim Berners-Lee. Software that allows people to display and interact with information on Web pages. They can search electronically HTML/HTPP: Created by Tim Berners-Lee. Hypertext markup language/Hypertext transfer protocol. These allow people to create and send text, graphics and video information electronically and also set up electronic connections from one source of information to another. Sales (in television): people in the sales department sell the commercial slots for the programs. Advertising is divided into national and local sales.Advertising agencies, buy nationsl ads for the products they handle. (An ad agency may buy time on a network for the ford company, for a tv ad that will run all over the country simultaneously) Traffic (in television): traffic department integrates the advertising with the programming, making sure that all the ads that are sold are aired when they're spposed to be. Traffic also handles billing for the ads. Traditional media: Digital/Multimedia: describes all forms of communications media that combine text, pictures, sound and video using computer technology.Bits: Intellectual property rights: The legal right of ownership of ideas and content published in any medium. There are various copyright holders that ha ve used court challenges to establish their legal ownership. Internet service provider (ISP): Also called an internet access provider. This can be a telephone, satellite or cable company, to organize and deliver internet information and entertainment. Web income is made by the money people pay their ISP to connect to the Web. Digital subscriber line (DSL):Signal or data compression: the process of squeezing digital content into a smaller electronic space. Online/Web advertising: advertising is the second potential source of income on the web. They have banners or borders on pages. The seller can know exactly who the buyer is since it is a targeted medium. There is internet tracking that helps advertisers gain information about the audiences for their ads. Digital Divide: The lack of access to digital technology among low-income, rural and minority groups. People -Heinrich Hertz: Responsible for first describing radio waves in 1887 in germany. Guglielmo Marconi: Promotion of wireless radio wave transmission beginning in 1899 with the America's Cup race. Made morse code. Marketed his device. Thought of a way that messages should be able to travel across space without a wire. -Lee de Forest: â€Å"Father of radio† Made the audion in 1907, made radio practical to today's radio, pin pointed the sound. -David Sarnoff: made radio broadcasting a viable business in the United States. â€Å"radio for the people† Made red and blue networks, worked for NBC. He wanted to make radio for households. -Edwin H.Armstrong: Responsible for licensing frequency modulation (FM). -William S. Paley: Made radio broadcasting a viable business for the United States. Worked for CBS created 25 stations. -Thomas Edison: idea for the kinetoscope in 1888, made William K. L. Dickson create it. -Rupert Murdoch: Owner of fox broadcasting joined US media business from Australia and was able to accumulate so many media companies in a short amount of time. -Charlie Chaplin: founded un ited artists in 1919. They rebelled against the strict studio system of distribution and formed their own studio. â€Å"Fatty â€Å" Arbuckle: Comedian, hosted a marathon party in San Fran. A model was rushed to the hospital for stomach pains, she died at the hospital and fatty was charged with murder but then reduced to manslaughter. After three trials, he was acquitted. -Florence Lawrence: first movie star. Uncredited â€Å"Biograph girl†. She received screen credit from Carl Laemmle. This began the start of salaried stars and production staff to be under exclusive contracts. -Mary Pickford: Left biograph to join Laemmle by doubling her salary. She became one of the most influential women in early hollywood.She helped to finance the independent studio United Artists. -Edward R. Murrow: Early news figure at CBS, created the earl standards for broadcast news. -Philo T. Farnsworth: added the electronic scanner. Developed the cathode ray tube. He patented the scanner -Vladimi r Zworykin: developed an all-electronic system to transform a visual image into an electronic signal that traveled through the air. When the signal reached the tv receiver the signal was transformed again into a visual image for the viewer. -David Brinkley: broadcast news pioneer who began at NBC.News broadcaster -Tim Berners-Lee: developed programming languages that allow people to share all types of information online, and the first browser which allowed people to view information online in 1989. -Newton Minow: Public conscience. Hired at the FCC by JFK. Asked broadcast station owners and managers to watch their own programs. He said they would find a vast wasteland. He outlined tvs responsibilities to its audiences. -Nicholas Negroponte: at the massachusetts institute of technology first uses the term convergence to describe the intersection of industries.Said that the combination of the traditional media industries with the computer industry would create a new type of communicat ion. He created two models to show the position of the media industries in 78 and his projected vision for those industries in 2000. he listed three segments of the media business; print and publishing, broadcast and motion pictures, and the computer industry. The theory of convergence helped to shape todays thinking about the internet. Stations/Studios/Companies/Associations/etc: -KDKA: was the first commercial radio station in Pittsburgh.KDKA began daily one-hour evening schedules broadcasting from 8:30 to 9:30. they proved that regular programing could attract a loyal audience. -WEAF: New York. Weaf started selling advertising time to sponsors. This settled the issue of who would pay the cost of airing the programs.. Sold blocks of time. -RCA: government approved private monopoly. david sarnoff was general manager. He became tv's biggest promoter. RCA faced criticism about its broad control over the airwaves because it continued to be the world's largest distributor of radios. NB C (red and blue): created by David Sarnoff at NBC in 1926. The red network was fed from WEAF in New York. The blue network originated from station WJZ in Newark. Station engineers drew the planned hookups of the two networks with red and blue colored pencils which is how the networks got their names. One of the first tv networks. -ABC: American broadcasting company, the selling of this company to Edward Noble gave the country a three-network radio system. -ASCAP: American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers. Created blanket licensing of music broadcasting over the radio. FCC: Federal Communications Commission. Granted frequency licenses. FCC ordered NBC to divest one of its networks. FCC recognizes FM -National Public Radio: 1970, goes on air. Government began funding the NPR in 1967. By design, public radio was created as an alternative to commercial radio. Depends primarily on private donations to survive. Started the program All things considered for the evening drive-t ime and launched the morning edition. -Motion Picture Producers and Distributors Association: In 1930, they adopted a production code to control movie content. Will Hays was the president.The code had three principles: No picture shall be produced that will lower the moral standards, correct standards of life, subject only to the requirements of drama and entertainment shall be presented, law, natural or human, shall not be ridiculed. The code is then divided into 12 categories of wrongdoing. Murder. Sex. Obscenity. Costume. -United Artists: Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks and DW Griffith, independent studio run by the stars themselves in 1919. -Disney: Walt Disney, only 1930's newcomer to the movie business. Created snow white & 7 dwarfs which was the first full-length animated feature.Grey to media company we know today. -CBS: First tv networks. Created by William Paley. Had 25 stations. Later, in 1947, CBS began broadcasting television news. -CNN: Started in 197 9 by Ted Turner, CNN's global reach gives the US audience instant access to new about international events. Modern satellites made this possible. -TNT: 1976. Part of the cable industry. Happenings -â€Å"War of the Worlds†: Orson Welles, Mercury Theater. Night before Halloween. Aired dramatized version of â€Å"war of the worlds† as a live news broadcast. Some people thought that it was really happening.This challenged radio's authority/credibility. -American motion picture premier: Edison organized the first American motion picture premiere with an improved camera developed by independent inventor Thomas Armat. Edison dubbed the new machine the Vitascope, and the first public showing of the picture was on April 23rth 1896 at Koster and Bial's Theater in New York. This spawned nickelodeons. -US v. Paramount Pictures case: Limit block booking to five, stop blind booking, stop requiring short film rentals, stop buying theaters. -quiz show scandals: Brought about an ethic s scandal in 1958. aused the netwoks to reexamine the relationship between advertisers and programs. The networks turned to other sources such as independent producers, for their programming. Charles Van Doren played on twenty one, he won 129,000 admitted he was fed the answers. -Radio Act of 1912:Licensing, limited freedom. Public Convenience, interest or necessity. Used for the basis of broadcasting. -Radio Act of 1927: formed the Federal Radio commission under the jurisdiction of the department of commerce. The president appointed the commission's five members, with the Senate's approval. Stations operate as a public convenience, interest or necessity requires. † Also became the license holder. Stations could operate only with the government's approval and stations needed commission approval to be sold or transferred. This became the foundation for all broadcast regulation in the United states. -Digital Millennium Copyright Act: in 1998, made it illegal to share copyrighted material on the internet. -Public Broadcasting Act of 1967: created the corporation for Public Broadcasting and included funding for public radio and tv stations. Telecommunications Act of 1996: first major overhaul of broadcast regulation since the federal communications commission was established. The legacy of the act is that commercial radio is regulated much less than the 70s. This is called the policy of deregulation. It removed ownership limits. Allowed cross ownership, prompted consolidation. Concepts -Radio vs. TV programming: -Race movies: pioneered the art of breaking stereotypes. These films showcased all black casts in a variety of genres including westerns, mysteries, romances and melodramas. -Hays Office production code: May not lower moral standard of viewers.Proper standards of life. Respect for law. No sympathy for violators. Murder should not inspire imitation. No lustful kissing or lustful embraces. No obscenity. Costumes must not be indecent, dancing movements that are exposing or indecent are forbidden. -syndicated TV programming: are independently produced programming. Oprah, jeopardy, wheel of fortune. Services that sell programming to broadcast stations and cable. -1950s television boom: -TV’s impact on sports: CBS paid 28 million for NFL rights, in 1990 it cost 3. 6 billion (now even higher). TV funds much of professional sports.Expansion to cable (ESPN) -Spanish language TV: New audience. Unison draws more viewers than all english language networks. Telenovelas. -Web advertising: banners and ads. They can target their audiences by tracking. -Convergence: Melding of communications, computer and electronics industries. Movies -The Great Train Robbery: is a 1903 American western film written, produced, and directed by Edwin S. Porter. 12 minutes long, it is considered a milestone in film making. The film used a number of innovative techniques including composite editing, camera movement and on location shooting. The Birth of a N ation: 1915. First budget, feature-length film spectacular. D. W. Griffith. Now recalled for racist themes. Drawing specialized audiences. Oscar Micheaux's work countered birth of a nation. -The Jazz Singer: is a 1927 American musical film. The first feature-length motion picture with synchronized dialogue sequences, its release heralded the commercial ascendance of the â€Å"talkies† and the decline of the silent film era. Directed by Alan Crosland and produced by Warner Bros. with its Vitaphone sound-on-disc system, the movie stars Al Jolson, who performs six songs.The film is based on The Day of Atonement, a play by Samson Raphaelson. -Steamboat Willie: Disney in 1928. is a 1928 American animated short film directed by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks. It was produced in black-and-white by the Walt Disney Studios and released by Celebrity Productions. The cartoon is considered the debut of Mickey Mouse, -Snow White and the Seven Dwarves: Disney, 1937. first full-length animated f eature. Cost 2. 25 million, as much as an MGM, musical. -Empire of the Air: Proved that radio is an ideal medium for reaching masses of the US, your geographic location is not affected by it.Government issued patents that caused friction. All about money—Sarnoff controlled everything and created a network. The film reflects capitalism and the â€Å"american dream† he was an immigrant and created this entertainment to become rich. Drive ourselves and need new technology to become elite. -Sunset Boulevard: Film noir. Used a mirror in the water to give the illusion of being underwater. -Quiz Show: Quiz Show is a 1994 American historical drama film produced and directed by Robert Redford. Charles Van Doren won 129,000 but was fed the answers. –The Social Network

Ernest Hemingway’s novels Essay

Ernest Hemingway is an author well known for the common themes in his novels. In his style of writing, Hemingway is able to express the themes of the novel through strong character traits and actions. The common themes in Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also and A Farewell to Arms are death and loss. The characters in these novels, and many of Hemingway’s other novels, can relate to these themes. The novels The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms share many similarities. These of course include the themes of death and loss. The common themes are supported by the war setting in A Farewell to Arms and the post-war setting in The Sun Also Rises. Both novels take place in Europe approximately in the 1920s. Jake Barnes is the main character of The Sun Also Rises and he is struggling through life after having experienced some trauma during the war. Frederic Henry, the protagonist of A Farewell to Arms must make the choice of staying in the army or abandoning his fellow troops to be with his girlfriend. Both novels explore the hardships of love, war, and death.†The wound, the break from society, and the code are subjects of Hemingway’s work† (Young 6). These three events are critical in Hemingway’s novels The Sun Also and A Farewell to Arms. â€Å"The Wound† represents just that, a wound. It can be a physical, mental, or an emotional wound always occurring in the story’s protagonist. This relates to the theme of loss because the character’s wound is always a loss they suffer. The loss can be physical, for example if the character is injured and loses a body part (which is common in the war settings Hemingway typically uses). The loss can also be emotional, for example if the main character loses a loved one and becomes depressed. In The Sun Also Rises, Jake has been injured in the war and feels like less of a man because he is â€Å"physically unable to make love to a woman† (Magnum 4). This injury leaves Jake psychologically and morally lost. In A Farewell to Arms the main character, Frederic Henry, is wounded in his leg while serving in the war as an ambulance driver in Italy. Jake and Frederic’s mental and emotional conditions lead to the next part of the Hemingway code; the break from society. The break from society is the next key element in Hemingway’s work. This disassociation with society is a result of the main character’s injury or loss. The character will separate himself from society to cope with his loss. Jake’s life has become empty and he fills his time with drinking and dancing. Jake enjoys his life by â€Å"learning to get your money’s worth and knowing when you had it.† (Magnum 4) Another break from society is shown in the story â€Å"Big Two- Hearted River† by Hemingway. The main character, Nick Adams, has experienced a loss. â€Å"Death has occurred; not literal human death, but death of the land† (Magnum 3) which has been destroyed by fire. The fire has consumed and burned all the vegetation surrounding the home where Nick grew up. Nick suffers from the shock of the devastation to the land. He had recalled so many boyhood memories of hunting and fishing on the land where he grew up. Nick goes back into the wilderness on his own to get away form the pain he has suffered. A break from society is a key aspect in Hemingway’s work that adds to the common themes among his novels. The wound and the break from society lead up to the last key element, the â€Å"Hemingway Code† (Young 8). The code is what Hemingway uses in his novels to show how the character is dealing with the wound and the break from society. For example, in The Sun Also Rises, Jake is dealing with his loss by going out and spending his money on drinks and dancing because this is the only way he can enjoy himself. He cannot fall in love so this is what he does instead to fill the missing gap in his life. He also â€Å"gets his money’s worth† by sending pointless short telegrams to his friends, symbolizing his careless nature. A Farewell to Arms contains another example of the code. Frederic is searching for meaning in life while he is surrounded by death during the war. He chooses not to fill his life with religion or pleasure because these things are meaningless to him. Instead Frederic abandons the Italian Army to be with his girlfriend Catherine, whom he plans to marry. Loving Catherine is the only way Frederic can bring happiness to his life after facing the hardships of war. The subject’s of Hemingway’s work in A Farewell to Arms and The Sun Also Rises are similar, and can relate to the main themes of other works by Hemingway. The themes of death and loss apply to the characters of these  novels. Death occurs often during the wars which take place in both novels. Jake was wounded in a war, and Frederic is currently fighting in a war. Both have suffered a psychological loss which leaves them struggling to bring meaning to their lives. In Big Two Hearted River Nick suffers from the loss of the land. Hemingway has created all of these characters to show weaknesses which result from their losses. That is why each character suffers from the loss they experience. â€Å"Like Jake, Frederic Henry is wounded in the war and falls in love with a woman.†(Magnum 6). These characters suffer losses from the war and soon suffer losses in love. â€Å"We could have had such a damned good time together,† (Hemingway 115) Lady Ashley states afte r accepting that Jake will never be able to love her. Like Jake, Frederic loses his lover, â€Å"The arms to which Frederic must finally say farewell are those of Catherine, who dies in childbirth† ( Magnum 7) The major differences in the novels The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms do not occur in the themes of the novels but instead the character’s personalities and actions. For example Jake is considered the lost and hopeless character. He spends his time out and about with his friends touring the countryside, drinking, dancing and having a good time. He has lost all his morals and goes about freely without a care in the world. Hemingway had created Frederic as the complete opposite of Jake. He takes a stand for what he believes in and does what he thinks is right. Frederic is faced with, and overcomes, tough decisions during desperate war-filled times. Unlike Jake, he is rational and thinks out his decisions. Although theses characters have opposing personalities they will both encounter the same problem throughout the novels. Both Jake and Frederic experience hardships and internal conflict in The Sun Also and A Farewell to Arms. Jake is in conflict with himself over the love of a woman named Lady Brett Ashley. This is the woman Jake wants to fall in love with but he knows this will never be possible because of his war wound. Jake gives up his hope of finding love by introducing Lady Brett to one of his friends who she falls in love with and plans to marry. The marriage is broken off when a fight breaks out which is caused by Lady Brett’s desire to be romantic with several other men. â€Å"The novel ends right where it began,  with Brett and Jake trapped in hopeless love for each other,† (Nagel 108). Frederic’s internal conflict is similar to that of Jake’s. He is lost and confused over the love for his girlfriend, Catherine and his service in the military. After learning Catherine has become pregnant and his troops abandon him, Frederic makes the decision to desert the army and follow his heart. Frederic suffers from the most pain when Catherine dies giving birth. He realized that the love he shared, to try and bring meaning to his life, causes him even more pain when Catherine dies. The internal conflict of both Jake and Frederic leave them faced with tough decisions which affect the way they live ad love. Hemingway has used the character relationship of love and a setting with an atmosphere of war to build on his major themes. The characters were wounded in the war and suffer from the loss of loved ones. Death is used figuratively to describe the emotions and morality of Hemingway’s characters. Hemingway’s themes of death and loss are seen through his character portrayal in his novels. Work Cited Coleman, Janice. â€Å"Ernest Hemingway† The World Book Encyclopedia. Hartford, CT: Paddon Publishing, 1992. Hemingway, Ernest. A Farewell To Arms. New York, NY: Charles Scribners Sons, 1929. Hemingway, Ernest. The Sun Also Rises. New York, NY: Charles Scribners Sons, 1926. Magnum, Bryant. â€Å"Introduction to the Novels of Ernest Hemingway† Critical Survey Of Long Fiction. Salem Press Inc. 2000. Nagel, James. â€Å"Ernest Hemingway†. Dictionary of Literary Biography: Volume 9. New York: Gale Research Company, 1981. Stanton, William. 20th Century Novelists. Sacramento, CA: Bantum Books, 1984. Young, Phillip. â€Å"Ernest Hemingway† American Writers: A Collection of Literary Biographies. Volume II. New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 1974

Definition and Examples of Linking Verbs

Definition and Examples of Linking Verbs A linking verb is a traditional term for a type of  verb  (such as a form of be or seem) that joins the subject of a sentence to a word or phrase that  tells something about the subject. For example, is  functions as a linking verb in the sentence The boss is  unhappy. The word or phrase that follows the linking verb (in our example, unhappy)  is called a subject  complement.  The subject complement that follows a linking verb is usually an adjective (or  adjective phrase), a noun (or  noun phrase) or a pronoun. Linking verbs (in contrast to action verbs) relate either to a state of being (be, become, seem, remain, appear) or to the senses (look, hear, feel, taste, smell).   In contemporary linguistics, linking verbs are usually called copulas,  or copular verbs. Examples and Observations of Linking Verbs The Grinch is grumpy.In the movie How the Grinch Stole Christmas, the mayor of Whoville is  Augustus Maywho.In the book Horton Hears a Who!, Ned McDodd is the mayor of Whoville.This lemonade tastes sour, but the cookies smell delicious.Beth felt bad and wanted to go home.Tom felt Beths forehead and then he became upset.Though she appeared calm, Naomi was  extremely happy about her promotion.How often have I said to you that when you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth? (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Sign of Four, 1890)If your daily life seems poor, do not blame it; blame yourself. Tell yourself that you are not poet enough to call forth its riches. (Rainer Maria Rilke)If any word is improper at the end of a sentence, a linking verb is. (William Safire,  How Not to Write: The Essential Misrules of Grammar. W.W. Norton, 2005)I became a feminist as an alternative to becoming a masochist. (Sally Kempton) Two Tests for Linking Verbs A good trick to determine if a verb is  a linking verb is  to substitute the word seems for the verb. If the sentence still makes sense, the verb is a linking verb. The food looked spoiled.The food seemed spoiled. Seemed works, so looked is a linking verb in the sentence above. I looked at the dark clouds.I seemed at the dark clouds. Seemed doesnt work, so looked is not a linking verb in the sentence above. Verbs dealing with the senses (such as looks, smells, feels, tastes  and sounds) can also be linking verbs. A good way to tell if one of these verbs is used as a linking verb is to substitute a form of be for the verb: If the sentence retains the same meaning, the verb is a linking verb. For example, look at the way feels, looks  and tastes are used in the following sentences. Jane feels (is) sick.That color looks (is) awful on you.The casserole tastes (is) terrible. (Barbara Goldstein, Jack Waugh and Karen Linsky,  Grammar to Go: How It Works and How To Use It, 3rd ed. Wadsworth, Cengage, 2010) Two Types of Linking Verbs These copular verbs (also linking verbs) can be divided semantically into two types: (1) those like be that refer to a current state: appear, feel, remain, seem, sound; and  (2) those that indicate a result of some kind: become, get (wet); go (bad); grow (old); turn (nasty). Be is the copula that most often takes adverbial complements that characterize or identify the subject: I felt cold; I felt a fool. (Sylvia Chalker, Copula, in The Oxford Companion to the English Language, edited by Tom McArthur. Oxford University Press, 1992) Using Linking Verbs With Complements for Emphasis Like the be  pattern, linking verbs may take nouns as complements. Some of the linking verbs have a little more acute verbal action than the be  equations: Everything became a mist.(C.S. Lewis, That Hideous Strength, 380) He became a castaway in broad daylight.(William Golding, Pincher Martin, 56) A simple syntactic structurea linking verb with a noun and two adjectiveshere makes an urgent point: War remains the decisive human failure.(John Kenneth Galbraith, The Economics of Innocent Fraud, 62) As predicate complements, adjectives that follow linking verbs often carry the new information and draw the stress. Argument remains inescapable.(Julie Thompson Klein, Crossing Boundaries, 211) She looked new and fresh.(Carolyn See, The Handyman, 173) In these linking examples, the major emphasis tends to fall on the predicate complement or, sometimes, whatever word or structure is at the end of the sentence. (Virginia Tufte, Artful Sentences: Syntax as Style. Graphics Press, 2006)

Even Grammar Gurus Make Mistakes

Even Grammar Gurus Make Mistakes Even Grammar Gurus Make Mistakes Even Grammar Gurus Make Mistakes By Mark Nichol I’ve noticed that I’ve been overlooking more mistakes in these posts recently or perhaps it’s just that I haven’t been making fewer errors as I go along, as I would have expected after six months’ worth of almost daily submissions. Thanks to astute site visitors who (usually) politely point out typographical errors, I note that occasionally I type the wrong form of a word (necessary instead of necessarily, for example), or that, when I provide a sample sentence with an error and then provide an annotated correction, sometimes I forget to actually correct the sentence. (Does that jive I mean, jibe with your observation?) I’d like to be able to tell you, â€Å"I meant to do that I just wanted to see if anybody was paying attention,† but the truth is, I make mistakes. And, like most bloggers, I don’t have an editor to sweep up after me. And, as I’ve often said, especially to people unfamiliar with the professional publishing world’s writing-editing-proofreading protocol, everybody needs an editor even editors. But before you send me your resume, note that we’re not hiring blogs are, by their nature, a more or less spontaneous medium of communication (though I try to review my work carefully), and, anyway, DailyWritingTips.com doesn’t have the resources to implement a more traditional editorial procedure (not yet, at least). I realize all too well that in my advisory capacity, I have a responsibility to strive for rigorous flawlessness a nearly impossible task I will nonetheless continually attempt to accomplish, but I also thank you in arrears and in advance for your (good-natured, I hope) comments about each lapsus clavis. Speaking of slip-ups, there are mechanical errors, and there are errors of fact. I do not claim to be an unimpeachable authority on every topic I write about. But I have spent many years intensively acquiring a practical knowledge of language, and by teaching editing (which I used to do), writing about composition (which I do now), and researching language usage (which I have always done), I have learned and processed much about writing and editing. In this forum, I welcome the opportunity to share that knowledge and insight with you, and in this forum, you are welcome and encouraged to respond in kind. Note this well, however: If you disagree with anything I write about writing, that’s your prerogative. But don’t rely on your assumptions or your education. (Those influences often coalesce imperfectly, and educators make mistakes, too.) The best way to learn is to consult multiple sources and develop your own understanding at a point where those sources intersect and note that I didn’t refer to a fixed point. I endeavor to be consistent yet flexible, and I heartily recommend that attitude to all. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of Adjectives34 Writing Tips That Will Make You a Better WriterTypes of Plots

Economics of race and gender questions Assignment

Economics of race and gender questions - Assignment Example This is an acronym for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families. It is a welfare program that is funded by the States and Federal government. It was deigned to support for families that fall in the low-income bracket and they have children. This is an acronym for Family and Medical Leave Act. This particular program gives employees who qualify the opportunity to go on an unpaid leave for specified reasons (medical or family) while the coverage of health insurance continues with identical terms and conditions. 2. Write a detailed summary of any two group presentations done in class beside the one you were involved as a member. We need the title, the main points of presentations and the conclusion relating to Economics of Race and Gender in US and the global Economy. ( 20points) Activities and changes that took place during this period. Not much information regarding the different roles is recorded during this period. This has been attributed to population pressure, ease in feeding livestock and religious reasons. The character that depicts the District Attorney’s wife who is Caucasian gets frightened from a street episode with a locksmith who is Mexican-American and has her door-locks changed and assumes she’ll be attacked by the locksmith later. This happens in the first scene where a Muslim man attempts to purchase a gun. The Caucasian store owner showcases negative attitude to him on account of his religion and the persistent stereotypes that are associated with being a